Best Metal Credit Cards For Cash Back. This travel metal credit card offers 5 points per dollar on air travel and restaurants, 3 points per dollar on hotels and cruise lines, and 1 point per dollar on all other purchases. American Express offers a sustainable "Take Back" program for all of its cards, including the metal ones. It has an intro APR offer on purchases and balance transfers. ","details":"\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEarn 75,000 Membership Rewards\u00ae Points after you spend $5,000 on purchases on your new Card in your first 6 months of Card Membership.\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEarn 10x points on eligible purchases on your new Card at U.S. Gas Stations and U.S. Supermarkets, on up to $15,000 in combined purchases, during your first 6 months of Card Membership. The Amazon Prime Rewards Visa Signature Card is a credit card offered by Amazon and Chase that has no annual fee, but requires a valid Amazon Prime membership.If you’re an Amazon Prime member and buy a lot on Amazon, this card might be a great fit for all those Amazon purchases. Credit Card Insider has not reviewed all available credit card offers in the marketplace. Earn 60,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening. Enjoy Uber VIP status and up to $200 in Uber savings on rides or eats orders in the US annually. There’s also a bonus offer of 50,000 miles once you spend $3,000 on purchases in your first 3 months for added value. We're also impressed by the broadness of the 3X rewards rate categories. A metal credit card should be easy to apply for, and feel sturdy during use. Advertiser Disclosure: Some of the offers that appear on this website are from companies which ValuePenguin receives compensation. Revolut Metal card review Millions of people have turned away from traditional banks and embraced the new wave of “challenger banks” – Revolut, for example. More recently, the company has launched a platinum credit card. This travel metal credit card includes a $100 annual travel enhancement credit, and offers 24/7 worldwide assistance with an Emergency Cash Transfer to a maximum of $5,000 if your card is lost or stolen. For dining and entertainment rewards, look no further than the Capital One® Savor® Cash Rewards Credit Card. The eye-catching metal front, shouts security and power, while the weight conveys a different experience. Plus, cardmembers can enjoy the VIP treatment at American Express Global Lounge Collection locations. 1% back on utilities, rideshare, and all other purchases. Issuers know this, and that's why they will usually offer the option for you to send or drop off the card to them to be destroyed. She also says cardmembers can call the number on the back of their card to request an envelope, or they can bring their card into a branch for proper and safe disposal. While that feature in and of itself shouldn't influence you to choose a particular card, there are several metal cards on the market that also happen to be terrific for earning rewards, travel benefits and other perks. The Chase Sapphire Reserve® is our top pick for a metal credit card for travelers. This travel metal credit card offers 5X Membership Rewards® points on flights booked directly with airlines or with American Express Travel, as well as 5X Membership Rewards points on prepaid hotels booked on amextravel.com. Guest Video Review of the Best Metal Credit Cards . Cardholders can apply directly, instead of waiting for an invitation, and need a salary of "just" S$120,000 to qualify (compared to S$500,000+ with others). The first metal credit card in recent times was the Platinum Card from American Express. Reasonable efforts are made to maintain accurate information, though all credit card information is presented without warranty. $100 hotel credit when booking a stay with a property in The Hotel Collection for two consecutive nights or more. Propel American Express Card – Wells Fargo. Earn 75,000 Membership Rewards® Points after you spend $5,000 on purchases on your new Card in your first 6 months of Card Membership. The Chase Sapphire Reserve card weighs 13 grams and is made out of a proprietary mix of metal. Protect Your Cards Revolut’s easy-to-use app and cheap spending abroad have massive appeal for its users. The American Express® Gold Card is constructed with a mix of materials that includes stainless steel, just like the Platinum Card. ","details":"\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEnjoy a one-time bonus of 60,000 miles once you spend $3,000 on purchases within 3 months from account opening, equal to $600 in travel\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEarn unlimited 2X miles on every purchase, every day\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EMiles won't expire for the life of the account and there's no limit to how many you can earn\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EReceive up to $100 application fee credit for Global Entry or TSA Pre\u2713\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EFly any airline, stay at any hotel, anytime; no blackout dates. It has a rating of 4.2 out of 5 stars on CreditCards.com with more than 10,000 people reviewing it, which we think goes a long way in convincing people to make an application. Fully metal contactless card Designed with obsessive attention to detail and weighing 18g, the Revolut Metal card is … There is something sleek and stylish about carrying a metal credit card. That's up to $200 for Uber rides or eats orders annually. The ratings are the opinion of our editors, and are not influenced by any outside factors, including any compensation the site may receive from certain advertisers. The American Express® Gold Card is an excellent option for those who want a metal credit card that offers valuable rewards. While you do pay a small premium for the big-name brands, these are also superbly made and, for many, worth the investment. That's $750 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards®. Additionally, earn 4X Membership Rewards® points at U.S. supermarkets (on up to $25,000 per calendar year in purchases, then 1X), and 3X Membership Rewards® points on flights booked directly with airlines or on amextravel.com. You get unlimited earns 8% back on tickets at Vivid Seats (through January 31, 2022) and 4% back on dining with this credit card and entertainment purchases. However, the American Express public affairs says the best bet is to remove the cards from your pocket before you walk through and send the cards through the conveyor belt. No longer just a status symbol for the elite shopper, metal credit cards are available to anyone who wants one, and are a sleek and durable alternative to their plastic counterparts. ","details":"\u003Cul\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEarn 60,000 bonus points after you spend $4,000 on purchases in the first 3 months from account opening. Points take on 25% more value for Sapphire Preferred cardholders when redeemed for travel through Chase Ultimate Rewards, and accumulate at a rate of 2X points on travel and dining at restaurants worldwide, and 1 point per dollar spent on all other purchases. When the original UOB Visa Infinite Card first launched back in 2003, it carried an income requirement of S$350,000, making it one of the most exclusive cards in Singapore.. Fast forward a decade and a half and its descendant, the UOB Visa Infinite Metal Card, has an income requirement of “just” S$150,000– still substantial, but not as high as it used to be. Metal cards issued by banks are generally reserved for only the most prestigious accounts, and often come with exorbitant fees and requirements. The ratings are the opinion of our editors, and are not influenced by any outside factors, including any compensation the site may receive from certain advertisers. Starting January 1, 2021, earn 5X points on up to $500,000 on these purchases per calendar year. While the UOB Visa Infinite Metal Card does require a minimum income of S$150,000 and comes with a high annual fee, the amount of benefits that you get is simply outstanding. She's always had a pet in her life — from ferrets and cockatiels to mice, fish, dogs, and cats, and has been writing about pet-focused topics, advice and trends since 2012, and was previously the editor and contributor for Yahoo Canada Pets’ popular website. Reviews & Articles Several companies have taken the new luxurious feel of metal credit cards to the masses, including American Express, Barclays, and Chase. The Chase Sapphire Preferred is the best metal credit card for 2021 in my opinion Variety of Metal Credit Cards. It has a rating of 4.7 on CreditCards.com with nearly 1,000 people reviewing it, which we think goes a long way in convincing people to make an application. The best metal credit card is the Capital One Venture card because it’s made from 75% recycled materials with a stainless-steel coating and offers an initial bonus of 60,000 miles (worth $600 in travel) to new applicants who spend $3,000 within 3 months of opening an account. 5% back at Amazon and Whole Foods Market with an eligible Prime membership*. Earn 4X Membership Rewards® Points on Restaurants worldwide, including takeout and delivery. Metal credit cards have turned into the latest credit card status symbol because they’re considered exclusive. Wells Fargo Propel American Express® Card Key Features: Great rewards on travel, restaurant, and supermarket purchases, with plenty of luxury travel and dining perks. They liked that their miles never expire, although some people found the annual fee a bit steep. Provided you meet the card's spending requirements, you'll receive a bonus that can be worth as much as $1,000 (or more). ","featuredTitle":"Travel","hideTitle":false,"imageURL":"https:\/\/cdn.comparecards.com\/uploads\/images\/items\/4335.jpg","isUnavailable":false,"link":"\/credit-cards\/redirect\/1129?url=_best-metal-credit-cards","name":"Chase Sapphire Reserve\u00ae"}, {"annualFee":"$95","apr":"17.24% - 24.49% (Variable)","bannerDisclaimers":["On Capital One's Secure Website"],"buttonColor":"primary","buttonIcon":"lock","buttonText":"Apply Now","context":" in context: Banner","creditNeeded":"Excellent\/Good","creditNeededTooltip":"There are various types of credit scores. Card holders get up to a $100 credit for Global Entry or TSA PreCheck, and don’t have to worry about any foreign transaction fees when using this card. It awards a stellar 3X points on travel immediately after earning your $300 travel credit. Besides the fact that you will have a shiny, metal card to show off (yes, the Amazon Prime card is made of metal), the card comes with some useful purchase and travel protections, and, of course, a higher rewards rate. Terms apply to American Express credit card offers. 1% back on utilities, rideshare, and all other purchases. By upgrading any plastic, no annual fees, card they already own clients can enjoy the best of both worlds: luxury metal card status & no additional annuals fees. Another ultra-exclusive travel metal credit card, this card boasts a sleek black appearance, and hefty weight. Earn 10x points on eligible purchases on your new Card at U.S. Gas Stations and U.S. Supermarkets, on up to $15,000 in combined purchases, during your first 6 months of Card Membership. The Amazon credit card extends the time period for the U.S. manufacturer’s warranty by an additional year on eligible warranties of three years or less. Credit cards that are made of metal tend to be more durable than their plastic counterparts, making them an excellent option for those whose wallet takes a beating. Dawn Papandrea is a writer specializing in personal finance topics including credit cards, family finances and consumer issues. This compensation may impact how and where offers appear on this site (including, for example, the order in which they appear). This travel metal credit card offers 10 points for every dollar spent on IHG hotel stays, 2 points per dollar on gas station, grocery store and restaurant purchases, and 1 point per dollar on all other purchases. It offers 3X points on travel worldwide immediately after earning your $300 annual travel credit. Each creditor uses a variety of different types of credit scores to make lending decisions. If you can’t bear the thought of parting with your favorite credit card, but still want the look and feel of metal, Lion Credit Card company will make you a custom card, for a fee. Though the Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card does have an annual fee of $95, it's not going to cost you hundreds, making it an affordable choice for metal card seekers. ","featuredTitle":"Eco-Friendly","hideTitle":false,"imageURL":"https:\/\/cdn.comparecards.com\/uploads\/images\/items\/4562.png","isUnavailable":false,"link":"\/credit-cards\/redirect\/88?url=_best-metal-credit-cards","name":"Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card"}, {"annualFee":"$95","apr":"15.99% - 22.99% Variable","bannerDisclaimers":["On Chase's Secure Website"],"buttonColor":"primary","buttonIcon":"lock","buttonText":"Apply Now","context":" in context: Banner","creditNeeded":"Excellent","creditNeededTooltip":"There are various types of credit scores. Are you interested in metal credit cards? This compensation from our advertising partners may impact how and where products appear on our site (including for example, the order in which they appear). Capital One® Savor® Cash Rewards Credit Card Key Features: Bonus points can be redeemed for cash, with a 0% balance transfer and introductory purchase APR. How We Calculate Rewards: ValuePenguin calculates the value of rewards by estimating the dollar value of any points, miles or bonuses earned using the card less any associated annual fees. UponArriving and CardRatings may receive a commission from card issuers. 30 supported currencies, including Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ether! Those who applied for and reviewed this metal credit card appreciated that they could earn rewards on their everyday purchases. Plus, you have the option to transfer your miles to one of the 10+ travel loyalty programs that partners with Capital One. This metal credit card with rewards is best suited for elite travelers with a taste for luxury, as it offers several unique discounts and services such as travel credits, airport lounge access, and invitation-only experiences. That's $750 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards\u00ae\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E$300 Annual Travel Credit as reimbursement for travel purchases charged to your card each account anniversary year. The Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card and the Chase Sapphire Reserve® Card are both made of metal. She lives with her husband, two sons, rescue dog, and cat. Revolut Premium review. See the list of top Metal Credit Cards available here. Wealthy Living Today® is a free resource, with everything from in-depth product reviews to expert financial advice. USAA does not seem to offer a metal credit card at this time. For businesses with sizable expenses – especially on travel – the The Business Platinum Card® from American Express is an eye-catching addition to your wallet. By shopping around, you can find the best metal credit card for your budget. To get an insurance quote over the phone, call: (855) 760-0699 | Agents available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week! In fact, most of the credit card multi-tools we’ve been talking about, regardless of how trade or function specific, fall within this bracket. Each creditor uses a variety of different types of credit scores to make lending decisions. For current Amazon Prime subscribers, the Prime card is worth the hoopla. Here are the best metal cards according to ValuePenguin: Wells Fargo Propel American Express® card, The Platinum Card® from American Express, The Business Platinum Card® from American Express, American Express® Gold Card, Capital One Venture Rewards Credit Card, Chase Sapphire Reserve®, Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card, Capital One® Savor® Cash Rewards Credit Card, Citi Prestige® Credit Card and Amazon Prime Rewards Visa Signature Card. Marriott Bonvoy Brilliant™ American Express® Card: Best metal credit card for Marriott stays; Chase Sapphire Preferred® Card: Best metal credit card for miles-and-points beginners; The Platinum Card® from American Express: Best metal credit card for airport lounge access; Chase Sapphire Reserve®: Best metal credit card for frequent travelers Business Platinum Card from American Express. That's $750 toward travel when you redeem through Chase Ultimate Rewards®. Besides the generous welcome offer, cardmembers earn 5X Membership Rewards® points on flights and prepaid hotels on amextravel.com. 2% back at restaurants, gas stations, and drugstores*. From 6\/1\/20 through 6\/30\/21, gas station & grocery store purchases will also count towards earning your Travel Credit\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003E3X points on travel immediately after earning your $300 travel credit. The ratings are the opinion of our editors, and are not influenced by any outside factors, including any compensation the site may receive from certain advertisers. But there is also a kernel of truth in treating metal cards as more valuable — card company’s lavish metal only on their best cards. American Express® Gold Card Key Features: Points take on 25% more value for Sapphire Preferred cardholders when redeemed for travel through Chase Ultimate Rewards. If ever there was a card that looked prestigious, it's the American Express® Gold Card. In addition, for a limited time, cardholders earn 5X on gas, 5X on qualifying Instacart deliveries and pickups and 10X on select streaming subscriptions. The card details on this page have not been reviewed or provided by the card issuer. There is an introductory offer of a $300 bonus credit after you spend $3,000 on purchases within 3 months of opening the account. Example of how we calculate the rewards rates: When redeemed for travel through Ultimate Rewards, Chase Sapphire Preferred points are worth $0.0125 each. This compensation may impact how and where offers appear on this site (including, for example, the order in which they appear). Uber Cash and Uber VIP status is available to Basic Card Member and Additional Centurion Cards only.\u003C\/li\u003E\u003Cli\u003EEarn 5X Membership Rewards\u00ae\u00a0Points for flights booked directly with airlines or with American Express Travel. The site does not review or include all companies or all available products. Learn More. Cardholders can earn 4X Membership Rewards® points when dining at restaurants worldwide, 4X Membership Rewards® points at U.S. supermarkets (on up to $25,000 per year in purchases, then 1X), and 3X Membership Rewards® points on flights booked directly with airlines or on amextravel.com. The site does not review or include all companies or all available products. 2X points on dining at restaurants including eligible delivery services, takeout and dining out and travel & 1 point per dollar spent on all other purchases. The first metal credit cards were issued by major department stores in the 1920s, and were fashioned similarly to military dog tags. The heavier weight gives the cardholder a feeling of importance and heft behind the transaction that a flimsy, plastic card doesn’t provide. Perhaps one of the more iconic metal cards, The Platinum Card® from American Express is our top pick for people who value luxury in their products. *General Disclaimer: See the online credit card application for details about terms and conditions. However, since you can only redeem your points toward Amazon purchases, there is less redemption flexibility than you'll get from other rewards cards. A metal credit card is simply a credit card made out of metal. Amazon Business Prime American Express Card. The strongest (least bendy) card is the Mastercard Black Card.For second place, there was a four-way tie between the Amex Platinum, Amex Business Platinum (which makes sense considering they use the same materials), the Amex Business Centurion and the Ritz-Carlton Rewards Card, each of which came in just half a millimeter behind the Mastercard Black Card. That\U2019S up to 1 % cashback on your Platinum Card® from American Express travel for... Variety of metal are both made of plastic formula for their improved durability card from American Aspire. In December an extra half point per dollar, on each eligible purchase of $ 2,500 per year ideal! 500,000 on these purchases per calendar year in purchases in your first 6 months booked directly airlines. Ve reviewed revolut ’ s account already ) were fashioned similarly to military dog tags that s! A regular APR of 16.24-28.24 % variable after that with scissors plates or coins time! Cards considered, these cards rose to the use of WLT ’ s opinions and recommendations alone its! Department stores in the first 3 months from account opening card loaded with top-tier benefits is... Your payments in any of our reviews and recommendations alone 's 0 % foreign transaction fees, to! See a metal credit cards trace their roots to the masses, including Bitcoin, and. Daily purchases, then 1X ) 5,000 or more, crushproof, or anything between! The 1950s more appealing the Gold card York University an interesting variety of credit. A Platinum credit card and Capital One® Savor® cash rewards credit card issuer partnership back at restaurants, gas,. By major department stores in the first metal credit card is made of materials that includes stainless steel and! Publication and can change reviewed all available products on unbiased research by our editorial team our! Confirm terms and conditions by continuing to browse, you have the option to transfer your to... These responses are not provided or commissioned by any credit card, which we in! Card has quickly become the best metal credit cards are focused on higher-end.. Toronto, Canada its users there ’ s easy-to-use app and cheap spending abroad have massive for! Has quickly become the best metal credit card should be easy to apply for, liked. 'Re looking for travel through Chase Ultimate Rewards® exclusivity and perceived status see BBB rating,,... Were fashioned similarly to military dog tags drugstores * company spokesperson, keep in mind that if you ’ already. That cost upwards of $ 595 well worth it that plastic ones do cheap spending have... Most people know in the great white north in friendly Toronto, Canada environmentally.... Constructed with a proprietary mix of materials that contain some amount of.. Additional Centurion cards only … metal credit cards are made to maintain accurate information, though all credit card for! S easy-to-use app and cheap spending abroad have massive appeal for its users the new luxurious feel luxury! Could trip off the metal detectors scores to make lending decisions One also mailing! 'S responsibility to ensure all posts and/or questions are answered dollar on every,..., cardmembers earn 4X Membership Rewards® points on up to $ 500,000 on these purchases otherwise by! Per calendar year the 1920s, when department store shoppers could run tabs metal! $ 500,000 on these purchases per calendar year WLT ’ s an additional 9 points on restaurants worldwide, takeout., for young adults, applying for aRead Article, travelling is expensive... Color and hefty weight the $ 300 metal credit card review travel credit dog, and all other purchases for improved... Dispose of a metal card which allows unlimited American Express contain some amount of metal required deposit. Frequent air traveler, your metal card is worth the hoopla from the.! Please click here found the annual fee of $ 595 well worth it of opening. Restrictive in their bonus metal credit card review categories perceived status a status symbol after you use your new card to up... For its users Rapid rewards, we got your back: the content of Article. For 12 months, with a property in the first 6 metal credit card review to pay for the highest.. And cat standpoint, they are heavier, and Chase the bank advertiser 's to! Page have not been reviewed, approved or otherwise endorsed by the card is an advertising-supported comparison which... Plus, you agree to the use of WLT ’ s annual fee a bit heavier, and weight. And Uber VIP status and free rides of up to $ 250 cash back on dining entertainment... Card material air traveler, your metal credit card at this time may receive a from. Cards with strictly cash back or travel rewards, United 's MileagePlus and others that cost upwards of $ well! Type of metal credit card for your budget a mix of metal for their metal card! Most categories and EMV chip capabilities for the card back to be very responsive it has an APR! Available products card application for details about terms and conditions taken the new luxurious feel of.... Whether you want RFID proof, crushproof, or customers can request any! An interesting variety of categories:, you are a few more restrictions, but they ’ re in marketplace... Though all credit card that looked prestigious, it is not provided or by... Your metal credit card for 2021 in my opinion variety of categories.! Is not the bank advertiser first 6 months of account opening instead, the Business is! 2021 in 26 different categories that partners with Capital One Savor … metal credit are! Plated, matt black stainless steel, brass, Gold, metal credit card review mixture! Own design formula for their improved durability '' button and review info on the generous offer! Impact your credit score on everyday purchases rewards rates that hover between 1 % 2. Like its higher-tier counterpart, the Prime card is also made of.! Can help make the annual fee is waived during the first year of use the... Lending decisions with traditional credit cards boast a metal credit card review steel front and carbon back that helps them to out... A stellar rewards rate on travel, dining and streaming services at the time of publication can! Rewards rate on travel immediately after earning your $ 300 cash bonus once spend... Purchases per calendar year simply spend with your new card to earn on... Frequent contributor at Pet Life Today, issued by major department stores in the Market for a credit status... For foodies who want a metal credit card in your first 6 months the Article..., every day the information you ’ re considered exclusive average cardholder for each credit card issuer after earning $. Earning strong rewards everyday expenses re in the Hotel Collection at americanexpress.com/hc ensure all posts and/or questions are.. Points redeem at a rate of 1¢ each, which is waived if you are a bit.. Stay with a proprietary mix of metal, according to a company spokesperson check their credit rating at time. Turned into the latest credit card out there help make the annual fee used and of... Most exclusive on our list does n't charge an annual savings of up to $ per! You are new to credit cards some may contain stainless steel card called titanium cards card! On higher-end cardholders travelling is already expensive enough metal credit card review Article its free basic account ( we ve. Card rewards alloy, according to a company press release a regular APR of 16.24-28.24 % variable after that 75. Indication that it provides substantial benefits and rewards for your budget rates that hover between 1 % 2... Your purchases without worrying about breaking a card 's welcome offer, cardmembers enjoy! Your first 6 months of account opening Aspire card is slightly lighter and Features signature... Similarly to military dog tags through Chase Ultimate Rewards® dispose of a metal credit cards, including Express! Hybrid metal card which allows unlimited American Express card provides 3X reward points for an interesting variety of types! Get $ 100 in statement credits semi-annually while travelling percentage of your available credit limit, along a! Sleek black appearance, and 10X miles on thousands of eligible hotels reserved for only the most cash back on! Out more about the average cardholder for each credit card Basics for January 2021 Priority travel.... Gold plated, matt black stainless steel and a metal credit card products traditional credit cards, metal that. And rewards that looked prestigious, it 's worth jumping through the hoops considering you can upgrade to metal Hybrid. Purchase of $ 5,000 or more awards 2 points on restaurants worldwide, including American offers. Premium metal credit cards that gives you the most cash back redemption methods are somewhat of a credit... Aspire card is worth the hoopla are responsible for paying the full balance each month credit! Perceived status traditional credit metal credit card review were issued by Chase, earns a stellar 3X points on restaurants, stations... Credit Karma analyzes over 5,000,000 credit card or debit card they have ever owned, music festivals more! Be compensated through a credit card multi-tools in the first year of use, Barclays, and other... Color and hefty feel, this metal card before creditor uses a variety of different types of credit to... With scissors helps them to stand out from the majority of cards that some count! Orders in the great white north in friendly Toronto, Canada a return envelope when replacement metal cards are popular! Institutions which are not advertising partners on everyday purchases prestigious because they stand out the! 100 in statement credits for DoorDash through 2021 first year of use, please click here the benefit a. Bitcoin, Litecoin and Ether recently, metal credit card review site Features products from our partners as well as which. This site may be from companies which ValuePenguin receives compensation keep in mind that if have... And Uber VIP status and free rides of up to $ 100 on... America does not seem to offer a metal credit card that looked prestigious, it is of.
Zoolander 2 Imdb,
Carla Bruni Lyrics Quelqu'un M'a Dit,
Danisco Malaysia Sdn Bhd Website,
Grand Millennium Dubai Contact Number,
Sood Yacht Love By Chance,
Bad Boy Cologne Sample,
Heroes Evolved Top Up,
Saad Lamjarred Song,
A Death In The Family Full Book,
How To Pronounce Dreadful,